1. Caring the Patient’s Unit and Equipment• Taking Care of Patient’s Unit 1• Taking Care of Patient’s Equipment 4• Taking Care of Kitchen and Pantry 82. Maintaining Aseptic Practices 10• Maintaining Clean Technique 10• Maintaining Isolation Technique 11• Managing an Isolation Unit 19• Maintaining Sterile Technique 21• Sterilizing/Disinfecting the Supplies 21• Handling Sterile/Disinfected Supplies 293. Preparing Hospital Beds 35• Making Beds 35• Turning or Changing the Mattress 464. Admitting and Discharging the Patient 48• Admitting the Patient 48• Referring the Patient 50• Discharging the Patient 50• Caring of the Deceased’s Body 525. Assessing the Patient’s Condition 55• Observing the Patient 55• Taking Vital Signs 58• Taking Temperature 60• Taking Pulse 65• Taking Respiration 68• Taking Blood Pressure 70• Recording 74• Caring a Patient with Fever 74• Taking Height 79• Taking Weight 80• Assisting in Physical Examination 81• Collecting Specimens 86• Performing Common Laboratory Tests 92• Interpreting Laboratory Reports 95• Teaching the Patient to Perform Self-examination of the Breast 96• Maintaining Patient’s Records and Reports 102• Maintaining Nurse’s Notes/Record 104• Maintaining Neurological Assessment Record 107• Maintaining Intake and Output Record 1106. Attending Hygienic Needs of the Patient 113• Attending Mouth Care 113• Bathing a Patient in Bed 116• Attending Hair Care 120• Giving Back Rub 123• Managing Bedsore 124• Attending Morning/Evening Care 127• Assisting to Change Clothing 1277. Providing Nutrition to the Patient 131• Serving Meal and/or Assisting the Patient to Eat Meal 131• Giving Tube Feed 133• Giving Intravenous Feed 1368. Maintaining Proper Body Mechanics 137• Positioning the Patient 137• Moving and Lifting the Patient 1469. Attending Eliminatory Needs of the Patient 157• Giving Bedpan and Urine Pot 157• Giving Enemas 159• Inserting Rectal Suppositories 164• Passing Flatus Tube 166• Removing Fecal Impaction 167• Inserting Nonretaining Catheter 168• Inserting Self-retaining Catheter 173• Applying Condom for Drainage 177• Assisting in Dialysis 17910. Using Thermomedicinal and Musculoskeletal Applications 187• Using Cold Applications 187• Using Hot Applications 193• Applying Soothing Applications 203• Applying Counterirritants 204• Performing Massage 205• Assisting to Perform Exercises 20811. Administering Medication to the Patient 215• Giving Oral Medication 215• Giving Parenteral Medication 218• Giving Intramuscular Injection 221• Giving Subcutaneous Injection 225• Giving Intradermal Injection 227• Giving Intravenous Injection 228• Giving Steam Inhalation 229• Using a Metered Dose Inhaler 233• Using Nebulizer 234• Giving Oxygen Inhalation 236• Instilling Medicines 243• Inuncting Medicine 24912. Irrigating Organs 250• Irrigating Eye 250• Irrigating Ear 251• Irrigating Nose 253• Irrigating Throat 254• Irrigating Stomach 255• Irrigating Colon 257• Irrigating Colostomy 259• Irrigating Urinary Bladder 262• Irrigating Vagina 26513. Administering Infusions and Transfusions 268• Administering Intravenous Infusion 268• Administering Subcutaneous Infusion 275• Administering Blood Transfusion 277• Assisting in Venesection 28314. Caring a Wound. 286• Preparing the Part for Surgery 286• Applying Dressing 289• Applying Adhesive Straps 291• Applying Roller Bandage 293• Applying Binders 301• Taking Care of a Wound Drain 303• Applying and Removing Sutures 304• Managing a Wound 310• Taking Care of the Burn Area 31615. Attending Emergencies 320• Performing CPR 320• Assisting in Endotracheal Intubation 326• Assisting in Tracheostomy and its Immediate Care 328• Giving Tracheostomy Care 333• Measuring Central Venous Pressure 335• Defibrillating the Patient 338• Managing a Patient on Continuous Mechanical Ventilation (CMV) 34016. Assisting in Suction and Drainage 345• Inserting and Removing Gastrointestinal Tubes 345• Managing Gastrointestinal Decompression 349• Assisting in Insertion and Removal of Chest Tubes 350• Managing a Patient with Water Seal Drainage System 354• Suctioning the Oropharynx/Nasopharynx 357• Suctioning Through Oropharyngeal/Nasopharyngeal Airway 359• Suctioning Through Endotracheal/Tracheostomy Tube 361• Assisting in Postural Drainage 364• Giving Ostomy Care 36717. Immobilizing and Ambulating the Patient 371• Applying Restraints 371• Applying Splints 375• Applying and Removing Traction 378• Applying and Removing Skin Traction 382• Applying and Removing Skeletal Traction 387• Assisting in Cast Application 391• Caring a Patient in Cast 395• Assisting in Cast Removal 398• Ambulating the Patient with Walking Aids 39918. Preparing the Patient for and Assisting the Doctor in Diagnostic Studies 406• Preparing the Patient for Plain X-ray Examination 406• Preparing the Patient for Contrast X-ray Examination 408• Preparing the Patient for and Assisting the Doctor in Ultrasonography 413• Preparing the Patient for CT Scan 417• Preparing the Patient for Radioisotope Scan 418• Preparing the Patient for MRI 419• Preparing the Patient for Electrocardiography 421• Preparing the Patient for Electroencephalography 425• Preparing the Patient for Electromyography 426• Assisting in Endoscopy 427• Assisting in Biopsy and Aspiration 433• Performing Gastric Analysis 437• Assisting in Abdominal Paracentesis 439• Assisting in Thoracentesis 442• Assisting in Pericardiocentesis 444• Assisting to Perform Lumbar Puncture (LP) 44519. Assisting in Special Procedures 449• Giving Electroconvulsive Therapy 449• Assisting the Patient to Undergo Radiotherapy 452• Administering Intravenous Chemotherapy 45620. Providing General Nursing Care 459• Giving Preoperative Nursing Care 459• Giving Postoperative Nursing Care 462• Preparing a Nursing Care Plan 468• Educating the Patient 46921. Performing Common Antenatal, Intranatal and Postnatal Procedures 472• Examining the Antenatal Woman 472• Performing Vaginal Examination 479• Taking Care of Breast 484• Examining the Intranatal Woman on Arrival 485• Performing Vaginal Examination in Labor 486• Shaving the Perineum 488• Examining the Postnatal Woman 489• Giving Perineal Care 493• Demonstrating Breastfeeding Technique 495• Examining the Newborn Baby 496• Taking Baby’s Length 508• Taking Baby’s Weight 509• Giving Skin and Cord Care 510• Attending Engorged Breast 512• Assisting the Mother to Overcome Early Breastfeeding Problems 514Appendices 521Appendix A : An Introduction to Nursing 521Appendix B : Abbreviations and Terms 524Appendix C : Weights and Measures 530Appendix D : Preparation of Solutions 532Appendix E : Outline for Writing Case Study in Clinical Field ofMedical/Surgical/Orthopedic/Gynecological/Pediatric Nursing 534Appendix F : Outline for Writing Observation Study in Clinical Field ofMedical/Surgical/Orthopedic/Gynecological/Pediatric Nursing 536Appendix G : Outline for Writing Case Study in Clinical Field of Psychiatric Nursing 538Appendix H : Outline for Recording the Interpersonal Relationship (IPR) Process 540Appendix I : Special Charts 541Bibliography 545Index 551